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Dysfunctional impulsivity
Dysfunctional impulsivity is a type of impulsivity that is associated with a tendency to make quick decisions when this type of decision-making is non-optimal. This differs from functional impulsivity which is a tendency to make quick decisions where this is optimal. As dysfunctional impulsivity is often associated with a failure to consider the consequences of one’s behavior, it can often lead to life difficulties.〔Dickman, S. J. (1990). Functional and dysfunctional impulsivity: Personality and cognitive correlates. ''Journal of Personality and Social Psychology'', 58(1), 95-102.〕
== Dickman Impulsivity Inventory ==
The distinction between functional and dysfunctional impulsivity was suggested by Scott J. Dickman in an article published in 1990. Before this, impulsivity was considered a complex construct that was made up of several different aspects. The Dickman Inventory classifies impulsivity into functional and dysfunctional categories.〔
Many of the previously used impulsivity scales have been significantly correlated to measures of dysfunctional impulsivity. These include the impulsiveness scale of Eysenck’s Impulsivity Inventory (part of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire) as well as the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale.〔Cosi, S., Morales-Vives, F., Canals, J., Lorenzo-Seva, U., & Vigil-Colet, A. (2008). Functional and dysfunctional impulsivity in childhood and adolescence. ''Psychological Reports'', 103, 67-76.〕
Many of the questions used in the Dickman Impulsivity Inventory mirror those used on past questionnaires, and are used to assess overall impulsivity. Of the 63 questions on the Dickman Impulsivity Inventory, 23 of the items are used to measure dysfunctional impulsivity. This includes questions such as “I often get into trouble because I don’t think before I act” as well as “I often say and do things without considering the consequences”〔 This scale has been adapted for use in children with similar results: clear distinctions between functional and dysfunctional impulsivity.〔Brunas-Wagstaff, J., Tilley, A., Verity, M., Ford, S., & Thompson, D. (1997). Functional and dysfunctional impulsivity in children and their relationship to Eysenck’s impulsiveness and venturesomeness dimensions. ''Personality and Individual Differences'', 22(1), 19-35.〕 It has also been translated into several languages, yielding similar results
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